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Krylavidnyja husli (winged psaltery)

Reconstruction of husli that has been wide-spread in Latgalia (fringe area between Belarus and Latvia) and Northern Belarus in the 14th-20th centuries. The instrument is made conjointly by master Donats Vucis and Zmicier Sasnouski.

Hudok (rebec)

An exact copy of hudok of the 14th century found by archeologists. Hudok found its way to Belarus from the Lower Empire at the same time when husli did. This stringed bow-instrument became a prototype of violin and was in use up to the 16th century. The instrument is made by master Todar Kaskurevic.

Drymba (jew's-harp)

Reconstruction of the 11th century’s drymba. This instrument, now forgotten in Belarus, is usually asociated with the Northern or Oriental nations while it was quite popular in Mediaeval Belarus with warriors as its sound actively influences the brain. First it was found during excavations in Belarusan cities’ castles.

Svirel (pipe)

Reconstruction of the 14th century’s svirel with restored timbre colouring of old pipes. Its sound is soft and a tad hissing. This flute instrument together with husli, hudok and drums became professional instrument of Belarusan saltimbancos who performed in castles and cities.

Bielaruskaja duda (Belarusan bagpipe)

Reconstruction of old Belarusan duda known since the 14th century. Other names of this instrument are bagpipe, doodle-sack, musette, drone or pipes. Before Christianity and long after that, it was thought to be a sacral ritual instrument used in funeral rites. At the same time, it was played by Belarusan saltimbancos to accompany dances and theatricalized performances during holidays. The instrument is made by master Zmicier Sasnouski.

Bielaruskaja vajskovaja duda (Belarusan martial bagpipe)

Reconstruction of old Belarusan duda known since the 14th century. Due to its specific excitative sound, bagpipe became warriors’ instrument in Belarus and many other countries. There are the 16th century’s pictures of army musicians of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with Belarusan bagpipes. The instrument is made by master Todar Kaskurevic together with master Zmicier Sasnouski.

Bielaruskaja duda-macianka (Belarusan bagpipe “macianka”)


Reconstruction of old Belarusan two-drone bagpipe known since the 16th century. It is impossible to imagine any hoedown or city holiday in Belarus without an instrument of this kind. The instrument is made by master Todar Kaskurevic.

Surma (trumpet)

Reconstruction of the 15th century’s surma, the martial instrument known in Belarus since the 11th century. The instrument is made by master Ales Kurban.

Bierascianaja truba (birch bark trumpet)

Reconstruction of the 14th century’s trumpet, a signal instrument known since the 11th century and widely used by both warriors and cowherds. The instrument is made by master Zmicier Sasnouski.

Baraban z kamla (tree-trunk drum)

Reconstruction of a primitive instrument, made of a tree-trunk and covered with leather, known since the old times. The instrument is made by master Valeryj Ziankievic.

Jelka (bell tree)

Old percussion instrument, made of spruce’s trunk and roots and covered with all sorts of clackers, bells and chainlets. The instrument is made by the band’s members during a spasm of creativity.

Vajskovy baraban (martial drum)

Reconstruction of the 16th century’s drum. Together with surma (and later bagpipe), it was as a martial instrument. Specially curried leather and an old system of stretching it with the help of ropes are used here.

Arabic drums

Reconstruction of the 13th-14th centuries’ drums. After the crusades, Arabic drums became sought-after instruments all across Europe, especially in cities and knights’ castles. In the 14th century Arabic drums spread in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, too.

Lutnia (mediaeval four-string lute)

Reconstruction of the 14th-15th centuries’ lute that has seven strings together – three double strings and one single string. This kind’s lutes appeared in Belarus in the 14th century. The instrument is made by master Juryj Dubnavicki.

Lutnia (Renaissance six-string lute)

Exact copy of the 16th century’s lute. Famous Belarusan composers of the 16th century, Vojciech Dluharaj, Dyjamied Kata, Jan from Lublin and others, played the eleven-string lute and wrote music for it. Such lutes are the next step in the evolution of medieval lute. This instrument has eleven strings together – five double strings and one single string. Renaissance lute became a quite popular instrument of the Belarusan nobility and the main instrument used by professional aulic musicians. The instrument is made by master Juryj Dubnavicki.

Kolavaja lira, Latvija (hurdy-gurdy, Latvia)

Old Latvian hurdy-gurdy, restored together with master Donats Vucis and master Zmicier Sasnouski. Hurdy-gurdy is a stringed bow-instrument where the wheel rubbing the strings is a bow. Hurdy-gurdy spread in Belarus in the 16th century and soon became a favourite instrument of vagrant musicians and buskers. A specific genre of epic ballades and spiritual songs accompanied by hurdy-gurdy became a unique phenomenon in the Belarusan culture.

Kolavaja lira, Bielarus-Polsca (hurdy-gurdy, Belarus-Poland)

The instrument belongs to the Music History Museum in Poznan (Poland). It has been known in Belarus since the 16th century. The band Stary Olsa is planning to purchase or make an instrument of this kind.

Husli z jihravym vaknom (psaltery with a playing window)

Reconstruction of husli found by archeologists in layers of the 11th-14th centuries in Novgorod (Russia), Gdansk and Apole (Poland). Belarus has known husli since the times of its first principalities. On the photo – husli’s earliest type discovered by archeologists. It is not even regular husli, but a transition variant from archaic lyre to husli. The instrument is made by master Ales Cumakou.

Husli (kantele)

Reconstruction of husli that has been known since the old times in the Baltic region and Scandinavia. Kantele is first mentioned in Scandinavian national epics. The instrument is made by master Ales Cumakou.

Salmiej (zalejka, hornpipe)

Reconstruction of the European reed instruments known since the 11th century. The instrument is made by master Todar Kaskurevic. In Belarus, common people called hornpipes zalejkas since the 11th century, while the dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania called them salmiejs.

Kvinterna (Quinterna)

This instrument from the collection of master Michael Bach (Germany). The instrument is known in Belarus since the 16th century. The band STARY OLSA is planning to purchase an instrument of this kind.

Akaryna (Ocarina)

A fictile instrument of the flute kind. It is believed to be only created in the 19th century, but its prototypes, i.e. fictile pennywhistles, were known in Belarus in the early Middle Ages. This instrument has a peculiar breathed timbre.

 

Translated by A.Bursau